Nalbari District is situated in between Kamrup and Barpeta District. For better administration, old Kamrup District has been divided into three Districts. Nalbari was declared a sub division of undivided Kamrup District in 1967. Rajendra Mohan Goswami, ACS was first Sub Divisional Officer in Nalbari. Nalbari Sub Division is formally declared as a District in 14th August,1985.Shri Binod Kr. Piparsania, IAS, was first Deputy Commissioner in Nalbari.    

             The Nalbari District is situated in between 26^oN and 27^o N latitude and 91^o E and 97^o E longitude . The northern side of the district is bounded by the Indo-Bhutan International boundary and the southern side by the mighty Brahmaputra. The Darrang and the Kamrup District falls in the east and the Barpeta District in the west.

           The Nalbari District stands covering an area of 2257 sq.km. consisting of 1(one) Civil Sub-Division,11 Revenue Circle,12 Community Development Blocks,  9 Police Outposts,12 Anchalik Panchayats and 110 Gaon Panchayats covering 827 villages

          The entire area of the District is situated at the plans of the Brahmaputra Valley. The tributaries of the Brahmaputra, Nona, Buradia, Pagaldia, Borolia and Tihu which are originated from the foothills of the Himalayan Range are wild in nature and have enormous contribution towards the agrarian economy of the district.

            The Soil condition of District is a heterogeneous one. The Soil of the northern part of the district is clayey and loamy where as middle part is loamy and sandy. The Soil of the southern part of the district is composed of sandy soil.

           The District has a sub-tropical climate with semi – dry hot summer and cold winter. During summer, generally during the months from May to August, heavy rainfall occurs for which the district experiences flood. The District experiences annual (average) rainfall and humidity @ 1500 mm and @ 80 % respectively.

         Accordingly to 2001 census, the populations of the District is 1138184         Again, according to size of population, the rank of the District stands at 10^th (2001 census) as against 9^th in 1991.

           As per 2001 Census, out of the total population of the district ( 1138184),161616 are children belongs to the age group 0-6 years and accounts for 14.20% of the total population of the district. According to the size of children population, the rank of the district degraded to the 12^th position among the 23 civil district of the State as against the 8^th position in 1991 with 189113 children. Thus, the percentage trend in 2001 ( -14.54 ) over the child population figure of 1991.

          The District with 2.88% area of the State shelters about 4.27 % of the States total population as per 2001 census. The density per sq. km. In the District is 504 persons an against 340 persons per sq. km. For the whole State. The density per sq. km. In the district , as per 1991 census was 450 as against 286 persons for the State as a whole.

          The density per sq. km. For urban area is calculated as 1977 an for rural area as 495 as per 2001 census as against 1689 and 443 persons in respect of rural areas and 1689 persons in urban areas.

          The district has a total of 1110706 rural and 27478 urban population as per 2001 census. Thus, nearly 97.59% of the total populations of the district live in villages. As per 1991 census, the figure of rural and ur5ban populations of the district were 992915 and 23475 respectively. Thus, the percentage of decadal growth (1991-2001) of rural and urban population of the district are calculated as (+) 36.24 of the State as a whole.

           In respect of child population (0-6) years age group), 98.19 % live in rural area and 1.81 in urban area as per 2001 census. 

         The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population details has not been published by the Census Authority  till preparation of this report . However, as per 1991 census, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribe population of the Nalbari District was 89194 and 179641 respectively constitution of 8.78% and 17.67% of the total population of the District. The Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population together account for 26.45 % of the District’s total population which was much higher than that of state figure of 20.23 %.

           As per 2001 census, out of the total population (1138184).664886 persons are declared literate. In 1991, the figure of literate was 463162 and as such percentage of literates increased by 43.55 in 2001 over 1991.

          The rate of total literacy of Nalbari District, according to 2001 census, is 68.08 as against 33.99 in 1991. Thus, the decadal (1991-2001) progress of literacy rate is calculated as (+) 12.09. The total literacy rate of the State as a whole (64.28 : 2001 census ).

         As per 2001 census, the rate of literacy in rural area of the district in rural area is 67.55 and in urban area is 88.61 as against 55.38 and 80.62 respectively in 1991.

       As per 1991 census, the rural areas of the District have a total of 160803 occupied residential houses with 160804 households. In respect of the urban area of the District, there are 4138 residential houses and 4138 households.